Velo-glossary

Velorikshah
- a mode of transport for the transport of people or goods by human force. Typically, trishaws are bicycles of a special design, having 3 and more wheels and seats for passengers.

Road bikes
Are designed for convenient driving around the city, where speed is less important than convenience. Landing is high, the saddle is comfortable and well cushioned, the speed can be switched while standing still, the brake is often foot. The main parts are well protected from dirt, so maintenance is rarely required. The disadvantage is a heavy shell.

Road Bikes
Are designed for fast driving on asphalt roads. They have a thin and light body, a curved downward steering wheel, narrow tires.

Mountain bikes
Originally intended for high-speed descent from the mountain. Currently, a mountain bike is called any bicycle, designed for driving off-road. It is characterized by a large number of gears (usually more than 20), wide tires, powerful wheels, shock absorber, damping impacts, and often and rear suspension.

Hybrid bikes
- intermediate between mountain and highway. In hybrid bicycles, the diameter of the wheel is 28 inches, like in road, but equipment (transmission, brakes, etc.) is set to the same as that of a mountain.

Tourist bike
Touring bikes are designed for cycling. Their body is durable, the design is reliable, they can carry large loads. Tourist bikes are closer to highway than to mountain.

Folding Mini Bike
- bicycles that fold. When folded, it can be transported in a passenger car, enters an elevator and can often be carried in trains and trains. Most folding bikes are only doubled.

BMX (from Bike MotoCross)
- bicycles designed to perform tricks or participate in races over rough terrain. They differ in small size (wheel diameter is 20 inches).

Trial Bicycles
On which cycling is practiced - an extreme discipline in which the cyclist's task is to pass the obstacle course (logs, stones, blocks, boxes, etc.) under certain rules for a time or a minimum of penalty points. Their design differs from conventional bicycles so that it makes a simple ride on such a bike inconvenient. As a rule, there is no seat completely (in most modern specialized trial frames there is not even an opening for the saddle) and shock absorbers, the carriage is usually above the line connecting the wheel axles, only one low gear, wide tires with pronounced studded relief for increased grip, pedals equipped Spines. Also installed special shields under the carriage (bashguard) or ring (rockring) on ​​the right connecting rod for protection against impacts when landing on the carriage unit. Often, special measures are taken to maximize the weight of the bicycle - cut unnecessary ledges on the frame, holes are drilled in the rim, the parts are replaced with those made from lighter alloys. Trial bicycles are usually equipped with rim hydraulic brakes. Trial bicycles, in general, are of two types - the so-called "stock" and "mods". The most noticeable difference between them is the diameter of the wheels: 26 inches in stock and 20 in mods. Mods also tend to have a lower frame, which is why they are often confused with BMX.

Racing bikes
- a type of road bike, designed for bicycle racing. They are equipped with narrow tires, a large number of speeds, a curved downward rudder (that is, the handlebar is lowered - this creates a heavy load on the back of the rider, but reduces air resistance). A variety of racing bikes - bicycles for separate start in races for a while. They differ from bicycles for cycling with a rudder design with longitudinal close tubes and linings under the elbows, a short saddle, a typical frame geometry.

Track bikes
Are used in cycling. Their task is to develop the maximum speed on an even track. From racing they are distinguished by the absence of many "extra" details, for example, brakes and gear changes, and most importantly the lack of free wheeling of the rear wheel, that is, a fixed transmission.
Electric bicycle

Tandem for 8 people
- bicycles for 2 people, equipped with two pairs of pedals. Cyclists usually sit one behind the other, although in the 1890s a tandem was produced in which cyclists were sitting side by side. The front bicyclist manages. There are also bicycles for 3 and more people (even a bicycle was made for 40 people).

Cyclax
- A bicycle-taxi. Velokrikshi is in developing countries and - as a tourist attraction - in some European and American cities. Unlike a tandem, only the driver turns the pedals.
The cargo bike is designed for the transport of goods.

Ligerad
(Rikambent, Recumbent bicycle, recumbent bike) allows the cyclist to go half-lying or lying on his back, in rare cases - on his stomach. Part of the recumbent bicycles are two-wheeled, part - three-wheeled. Ligades are faster than conventional bicycles due to aerodynamics, and for this reason are not allowed to compete. (There are special competitions for the lyers.) For 2004 year, the hourly record for the ligades is 84 km 215 m, and for the ordinary - 49 km 441 m. For the first time the ligade was used in competitions in 1933, in 1938 they were banned in normal cycling. Other advantages of ligrads are comfort and no load on the back. Disadvantages are weight and size, high cost, slow turn and more difficult driving uphill (a bicyclist can not stand on the pedals to push them all with his weight). There are also tandem recumbent ligatures (one bicyclist is half-doable, the other is sitting).

Velomobile
- a liqueur with at least 3 wheels. Velomobiles usually have three wheels, and the driver sits not in the saddle, but in the car seat. Part of the car is completely closed. Many modern velomobiles, except pedals, can be driven by electric motors. Velomobil, which is also a tandem for a large number of cyclists, is called a velobus (the magazine "Modelist-Designer" cited the comparative characteristics of aerodynamics, according to which the bike was the second most effective after velodrezin).

Water bike
It is used for walking. But there is also a water bike race.

Flying bicycles
(Muscules) - aircraft, driven by pedals.

Railway bike
(Velodrezin) is a four-wheeled trolley with a pedal drive for movement along the railway track. Equipped with one or (more often) two or four pairs of pedals, while cyclists sit in pairs shoulder to shoulder (like a water bike). Such bicycles are used in Europe on some closed picturesque railway lines as entertainment for tourists.

Clown Bikes
Can travel both forward and backward, at the expense of a fixed transfer, the same as and in a track bike.

Tricycles (tricycle)
Are used, as a rule, by young children. There are also adult models for people with imbalances and other problems. In addition, tricycles are often made by recumbent bicycles, velomobiles, freight bicycles and trishaws.

Unicycle wheel
(Unicycle or unicycle) is a vehicle consisting of: one bicycle wheel, rigidly attached to it connecting rods with pedals, a saddle and a frame connecting the bottom (through the bearings) of the wheel axle and the saddle from above. The unicycle requires balancing in two dimensions. Often used by circus performers. Unicycles are becoming increasingly popular as an extreme sport. Every two years there are championships for riding on a unicycle, including figure driving, race at different distances, hockey and basketball on unicycle and other sports. The average person can learn to ride on a unicycle in 10-15 hours.

Monocycle
- a vehicle in which the driver is inside a huge wheel. Monocycles can be motorized.

Dicycle
- a vehicle in which the driver and passengers are located between parallel wheels of large diameter. Mostly motorized, but there are also dicycles using the muscular strength of the driver, thus being a subspecies of the bicycle. The electric scooter "Segway" is an example of a motorized dicycle.
Disabled and other bicycles adapted to non-standard anatomy - bicycles with a manual drive and a paralyzed foot platform, bicycles for very obese people, one-legged bicycles with one contact pedal that goes full circle with the force of one leg, even a circus bike is known for speakers in the arena Siamese twins.

Experimental bikes
- ATVs on low-pressure tires, all-wheel drive, with an additional drive from the "helm" and the like.