Graphics / Graphic arts / Color and format

Hot links Photoshop

A list of keyboard shortcuts for restoring laptop's factory settings | Character Codes for HTML

Popular shortcuts

Free Transform	`Control`+`T`
Decrease Brush Size	`[`
Increase Brush Size	`]`
Decrease Brush Hardness	`{`
Increase Brush Hardness	`}`
Default Foreground/Background colors	`D`
Switch Foreground/Background colors	`X`
New layer via copy	`Control`+`J`
New layer via cut	`Shift`+`Control`+`J`
Add to a selection	Any selection tool+`Shift`+drag
Delete brush or swatch	`Alt`+Click brush/swatch
Toggle auto-select with move tool	`Control`-Click
Cancel any modal dialog window (including the Start Workspace)	`Escape`
Select the first edit field of the tool bar	`Enter`
Navigate between fields	`Tab`
Navigate between fields in opposite direction	`Tab`+`Shift`
Change Cancel to Reset	`Alt`

Invoke the search experience

Search across Photoshop UI, Help & Learn content, and Adobe Stock assets. For more information, see Photoshop search.

Control+F

Use function keys

Start Help	`F1`
Cut	`F2`
Copy	`F3`
Paste	`F4`
Show/Hide Brush panel	`F5`
Show/Hide Color panel	`F6`
Show/Hide Layers panel	`F7`
Show/Hide Info panel	`F8`
Show/Hide Actions panel	`F9`
Revert	`F12`
Fill	`Shift`+`F5`
Feather Selection	`Shift`+`F6`
Inverse Selection	`Shift`+`F7`

Select tools

Cycle through tools with the same shortcut key	`Shift`+`shortcut`(if Use `Shift` for Tool Switch preference is selected)
Cycle through hidden tools	`Alt`+Click+tool(except Add Anchor Point, Delete Anchor Point, and Convert Point tools)
Move tool	`V`
Rectangular Marquee tool Elliptical Marquee tool	`M`
Lasso tool Polygonal Lasso tool Magnetic Lasso tool	`L`
Magic Wand tool Quick Selection tool	`W`
Crop tool Slice tool Slice Select tool	`C`
Eyedropper tool Color Sampler tool Ruler tool Note tool	`I`
Spot Healing Brush tool Healing Brush tool Patch tool Red Eye tool	`J`
Brush tool Pencil tool Color Replacement tool Mixer Brush tool	`B`
Clone Stamp tool Pattern Stamp tool	`S`
History Brush tool Art History Brush tool	`Y`
Eraser tool Background Eraser tool Magic Eraser tool	`E`
Gradient tool Paint Bucket tool	`G`
Dodge tool Burn tool Sponge tool	`O`
Pen tool Freeform Pen tool	`P`
Horizontal Type tool Vertical Type tool Horizontal Type mask tool Vertical Type mask tool	`T`
Path Selection tool Direct Selection tool	`A`
Rectangle tool Rounded Rectangle tool Ellipse tool Polygon tool Line tool Custom Shape tool	`U`
Hand tool	`H`
Rotate View tool	`R`
Zoom tool	`Z`
Toggle Standard/Quick Mask modes	`Q`
Content-Aware Move tool	`J`
Perspective Crop tool	`C`
Artboard tool	`V`
Toggle Preserve Transparency	`/`
Previous Brush	`,`
Next Brush	`.`
First Brush	`<`
Last Brush	`>`

View images

Cycle through open documents	`Control`+`Tab`
Switch to previous document	`Shift`+`Control`+`Tab`
Close a file in Photoshop and open Bridge	`Shift`+`Control`+`W`
Toggle between Standard mode and Quick Mask mode	`Q`
Toggle (forward) between Standard screen mode, Full screen mode with menu bar, and Full screen mode	`F`
Toggle (backward) between Standard screen mode, Full screen mode with menu bar, and Full screen mode	`Shift`+`F`
Toggle (forward) canvas color	`Spacebar`+`F`(or right-Click canvas background and select color)
Toggle (backward) canvas color	`Spacebar`+`Shift`+`F`
Fit image in window	Double-Click Hand tool
Magnify 100%	Double-Click Zoom tool `Ctrl`+`1`
Switch to Hand tool (when not in text-edit mode)	`Spacebar`
Simultaneously pan multiple documents with Hand tool	`Shift`+drag
Switch to Zoom In tool	`Control`+`Spacebar`
Switch to Zoom Out tool	`Alt`+`Spacebar`
Move Zoom marquee while dragging with the Zoom tool	`Spacebar`+drag
Apply zoom percentage, and keep zoom percentage box active	`Shift`+`Enter` in Navigator panel zoom percentage box
Zoom in on specified area of an image	`Control`+drag over preview in Navigator panel
Temporarily zoom into an image	Hold down H and then Click in the image and hold down the mouse button
Scroll image with Hand tool	`Spacebar`+drag drag view area box in Navigator panel
Scroll up or down 1 screen	`PageUp`/`PageDown`
Scroll up or down 10 units	`Shift`+`PageUp`/`PageDown`
Move view to upper-left corner or lower-right corner	`Home` или `End`
Toggle layer mask on/off as rubylith (layer mask must be selected)	`\`

Use Puppet Warp

Cancel completely	`Esc`
Undo last pin adjustment	`Ctrl`+`Z`
Select all pins	`Ctrl`+`A`
Deselect all pins	`Ctrl`+`D`
Select multiple pins	`Shift`+Click
Move multiple selected pins	`Shift`+drag
Temporarily hide pins	`H`

Use Refine Edge

Open the Refine Edge dialog box	`Control`+`Alt`+`R`
Cycle (forward) through preview modes	`F`
Cycle (backward) through preview modes	`Shift`+`F`
Toggle between original image and selection preview	`X`
Toggle between original selection and refined version	`P`
Toggle radius preview on and off	`J`
Toggle between Refine Radius and Erase Refinements tools	`Shift`+`E`

Use the Filter Gallery

Apply a new filter on top of selected	`Alt`+Click a filter
Reapply last-used filter	`Control`+`Alt`+`F`
Open/close all disclosure triangles	`Alt`+Click a disclosure triangle
Change Cancel button to Default	`Control`
Change Cancel button to Reset	`Alt`
Undo/Redo	`Control`+`Z`
Step forward	`Control`+`Shift`+`Z`
Step backward	`Control`+`Alt`+`Z`

Use the Liquify filter

Forward Warp tool	`W`
Reconstruct tool	`R`
Twirl Clockwise tool	`C`
Pucker tool	`S`
Bloat tool	`B`
Push Left tool	`O`
Mirror tool	`M`
Turbulence tool	`T`
Freeze Mask tool	`F`
Thaw Mask tool	`D`
Reverse direction for Bloat, Pucker, Push Left, and Mirror tools	`Alt`+tool
Continually sample the distortion	`Alt`+drag in preview with Reconstruct tool, Displace, Amplitwist, or Affine mode selected
Decrease/increase brush size by 2, or density, pressure, rate, or turbulent jitter by 1	`↓`/`↑` in Brush Size, Density, Pressure, Rate, or Turbulent Jitter text box
Decrease/increase brush size by 2, or density, pressure, rate, or turbulent jitter by 1	`←`/`→` with Brush Size, Density, Pressure, Rate, or Turbulent Jitter slider sho`Win`+`g`
Cycle through controls on right from top	`Tab`
Cycle through controls on right from bottom	`Shift`+`Tab`
Change Cancel to ResetTab	`Alt`

Use Vanishing Point

Zoom 2x (temporary)	`X`
Zoom in	`Control`+`+`
Zoom out	`Control`+`+` -
Fit in view	`Control`+`0`(zero), Double-Click Hand tool
Zoom to center at 100%	Double-Click Zoom tool
Increase brush size (Brush, Stamp tools)	`]`
Decrease brush size (Brush, Stamp tools)	`[`
Increase brush hardness (Brush, Stamp tools)	`Shift`+`]`
Decrease brush hardness (Brush, Stamp tools)	`Shift`+`[`
Undo last action	`Control`+`Z`
Redo last action	`Control`+`Shift`+`Z`
Deselect all	`Control`+`D`
Hide selection and planes	`Control`+`H`
Move selection 1 pixel	`↑↓←→`
Move selection 10 pixels	`Shift`+`↑↓←→`
Copy	`Control`+`C`
Paste	`Control`+`V`
Repeat last duplicate and move	`Control`+`Shift`+`T`
Create a floating selection from the current selection	`Control`+`Alt`+`T`
Fill a selection with image under the pointer	`Control`-drag
Create a duplicate of the selection as a floating selection	`Control`+`Alt`+drag
Constrain selection to a 15° rotation	`Alt`+`Shift` to rotate
Select a plane under another selected plane	`Control`-Click the plane
Create 90 degree plane off parent plane	`Control`-drag
Delete last node while creating plane	`Backspace`
Make a full canvas plane, square to the camera	Double-Click the Create Plane tool

Use the Camera Raw dialog box

Zoom tool	`Z`
White Balance tool	`I`
Color Sampler tool	`S`
Crop tool	`C`
Straighten tool	`A`
Spot Removal tool	`B`
Red Eye Removal tool	`E`
Basic panel	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`1`
Tone Curve panel	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`2`
Detail panel	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`3`
HSL/Grayscale panel	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`4`
Split Toning panel	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`5`
Lens Corrections panel	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`6`
Camera Calibration panel	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`7`
Presets panel	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`9`
Open Snapshots panel	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`9`
Parametric Curve Targeted Adjustment tool	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`Shift`
Hue Targeted Adjustment tool	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`Shift`
Saturation Targeted Adjustment tool	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`Shift`
Luminance Targeted Adjustment tool	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`Shift`
Grayscale Mix Targeted Adjustment tool	`Ctrl`+`Alt`+`Shift`
Last-used Targeted Adjustment tool	`T`
Adjustment Brush tool	`K`
Graduated Filter tool	`G`
Increase/decrease brush size	`/`
Increase/decrease brush feather	`Shift`+`]` `Shift`+`[`
Temporarily switch from Add to Erase mode for theAdjustment Brush tool, or from Erase to Add mode	`Alt`
Increase/decrease temporary Adjustment Brush tool size	`Alt`+`]` `Alt`+`[`
Increase/decrease temporary Adjustment Brush tool feather	`Alt`+`Shift`+`]` `Alt`+`Shift`+`[`
Increase/decrease temporary Adjustment Brush tool flow in increments of 10	`Alt`+`-`
Switch to New mode from Add or Erase mode of theAdjustment Brush tool or the Graduated Filter	`N`
Toggle Auto Mask for Adjustment Brush tool	`M`
Toggle Show Mask for Adjustment Brush tool	`Y`
Toggle pins for Adjustment Brush tool	`V`
Toggle overlay for Graduated Filter, Spot Removal tool, or Red Eye Removal tool.	`V`
Rotate image left	`L`+`]` `Ctrl`+`]`
Rotate image right	`R`+`[` `Ctrl`+`[`
Zoom in	`Ctrl`+`+`
Zoom out	`Ctrl`+`-`
Temporarily switch to Zoom In tool (Doesn’t work when Straighten tool is selected. If Crop tool is active, temporarily switches to Straighten tool.)	`Ctrl`
Temporarily switch to Zoom Out tool and change the Open Image button to Open Copy and the Cancel button to Reset.	`Alt`
Toggle preview	`P`
Full screen mode	`F`
Temporarily activate the White Balance tool and change the Open Image button to Open Object. (Does not work if Crop tool is active)	`Shift`
Select multiple points in Curves panel	Click the first point; `Shift`+Click additional points
Add point to curve in Curves panel	`Control`-Click in preview
Move selected point in Curves panel (1 unit)	`↑↓←→`
Move selected point in Curves panel (10 units)	`Shift`+`←→↓↑`
Open selected images in Camera Raw dialog box from Bridge	`Ctrl`+`R`
Open selected images from Bridge bypassing Camera Raw dialog box	`Shift`+Double-Click image
Display highlights that will be clipped in Preview	`Alt`+drag Exposure, Recovery, or Black sliders
Highlight clipping warning	`O`
Shadows clipping warning	`U`
(Filmstrip mode) Add 1 - 5 star rating	`Ctrl`+`1–5`
(Filmstrip mode) Increase/decrease rating	`Ctrl`+`.` `Ctrl`+`,`
(Filmstrip mode) Add red label	`Ctrl`+`6`
(Filmstrip mode) Add yellow label	`Ctrl`+`7`
(Filmstrip mode) Add green label	`Ctrl`+`8`
(Filmstrip mode) Add blue label	`Ctrl`+`9`
(Filmstrip mode) Add purple label	`Ctrl`+`Shift`+`0`
Camera Raw preferences	`Ctrl`+`K`
Deletes Adobe Camera Raw preferences	`Ctrl`+`Alt`(on open)

Use the Black-and-White dialog box

Open the Black-and-White dialog box	`Shift`+`Control`+`Alt`
Increase/decrease selected value by 1%	`↑` `↓`
Increase/decrease selected value by 10%	`Shift`+`↑` `↓`
Change the values of the closest color slider	Click-drag on the image

Use Curves

Open the Curves dialog box	`Control`+`M`
Select next point on the curve	`+`
Select the previous point on the curve	`-`
Select multiple points on the curve	`Shift`+Click the points
Deselect a point	`Control`+`D`
To delete a point on the curve	Select a point and press `Delete`
Move the selected point 1 unit	`↑↓←→`
Move the selected point 10 units	`Shift`+`↑↓←→`
Display highlights and shadows that will be clipped	`Alt`+drag black/white point sliders
Set a point to the composite curve	`Control`-Click the image
Set a point to the channel curves	`Shift`+`Control`-Click the image
Toggle grid size	`Alt`+Click the field

Select and move objects

Reposition marquee while selecting	Any marquee tool (except single column and single row)+`Spacebar`+drag
Subtract from a selection	Any selection tool+`Alt`+drag
Intersect a selection	Any selection tool (except Quick Selection tool)+`Shift`+`Alt`
Constrain marquee to square or circle (if no other selections are active)	`Shift`+drag
Draw marquee from center (if no other selections are active)	`Alt`+drag
Constrain shape and draw marquee from center	`Shift`+`Alt`+drag
Switch to Move tool	`Control`(except when Hand, Slice, Path, Shape, or any Pen tool is selected)
Switch from Magnetic Lasso tool to Lasso tool	`Alt`+drag
Switch from Magnetic Lasso tool to polygonal Lasso tool	`Alt`+Click
Apply/cancel an operation of the Magnetic Lasso	`Enter`/`Esc` `Control`+`.`
Move copy of selection	Move tool+`Alt`+drag selection
Move selection area 1 pixel	Any selection+`↑↓←→`
Move selection 1 pixel	Move tool+`↑↓←→`
Move layer 1 pixel when nothing selected on layer	`Control`+`↑↓←→`
Increase/decrease detection width	Magnetic Lasso tool+`/`
Accept cropping or exit cropping	Crop tool+`Enter` `Esc`
Toggle crop shield off and on	`/`
Make protractor	Ruler tool+`Alt`+drag `End` point
Snap guide to ruler ticks (except when View > Snap is unchecked)	`Shift`+drag guide
Convert between horizontal and vertical guide	`Alt`+drag guide

Transform selections, selection borders, and paths

Transform from center or reflect	`Alt`
Constrain	`Shift`
Distort	`Control`
Apply	`Enter`
Cancel	`Control`+`.` `Esc`
Free transform with duplicate data	`Control`+`Alt`+`T`
Transform again with duplicate data	`Control`+`Shift`+`Alt`

Edit paths

Select multiple anchor points	Direct selection tool+`Shift`+Click
Select entire path	Direct selection tool+`Alt`+Click
Duplicate a path	Pen (any Pen tool), Path Selection Direct Selection tool+`Control`+drag
Switch from Path Selection, Pen, Add Anchor Point, Delete Anchor Point, or Convert Point tools to Direct Selection tool	`Control`
Switch from Pen tool or Freeform Pen tool to Convert Point tool when pointer is over anchor or direction point	`Alt`
Close path	Magnetic Pen tool-Double-Click
Close path with straight-line segment	Magnetic Pen tool+`Alt`+Double-Click

Use for painting

Select foreground color from color picker	Any painting tool+`Shift`+`Alt`
Select foreground color from image with Eyedropper tool	Any painting tool+`Alt` any shape tool
Select background color	Eyedropper tool+`Alt`+Click
Color sampler tool	Eyedropper tool+`Shift`
Deletes color sampler	Color sampler tool+`Alt`+Click
Sets opacity, tolerance, strength, or exposure for painting mode	Any painting or editing tool+`0-9`(e.g., 0 = 100%, 1 = 10%, 4 then 5 in quick succession = 45%) (when airbrush `Option` is enabled, use `Shift`+`0-9`
Sets flow for painting mode	Any painting or editing tool+`Shift`+`0-9`(e.g., 0 = 100%, 1 = 10%, 4 then 5 in quick succession = 45%) (when airbrush `Option` is enabled, omit `Shift`)
Mixer Brush changes Mix setting	`Alt`+`Shift`+`number`
Mixer Brush changes Wet setting	`0-9`
Mixer Brush changes Wet and Mix to zero	`0`
Cycle through blending modes	`Shift`+`+`/`-`
Open Fill dialog box on background or standard layer	`Backspace` `Shift`+`Backspace`
Fill with foreground or background color	`Alt`+`Backspace` `Control`
Fill from history	`Control`+`Alt`+`Backspace`
Displays Fill dialog box	`Shift`+`Backspace`
Lock transparent pixels on/off	`/`
Connects points with a straight line	Any painting tool+`Shift`+Click

Use for blending modes

Cycle through blending modes	`Shift`+`+`/`-`
Normal	`Shift`+`Alt`+`N`
Dissolve	`Shift`+`Alt`+`I`
Behind (Brush tool only)	`Shift`+`Alt`+`Q`
Clear (Brush tool only)	`Shift`+`Alt`+`R`
Darken	`Shift`+`Alt`+`K`
Multiply	`Shift`+`Alt`+`M`
Color Burn	`Shift`+`Alt`+`B`
Linear Burn	`Shift`+`Alt`+`A`
Lighten	`Shift`+`Alt`+`G`
Screen	`Shift`+`Alt`+`S`
Color Dodge	`Shift`+`Alt`+`D`
Linear Dodge	`Shift`+`Alt`+`W`
Overlay	`Shift`+`Alt`+`O`
Soft Light	`Shift`+`Alt`+`F`
Hard Light	`Shift`+`Alt`+`H`
Vivid Light	`Shift`+`Alt`+`V`
Linear Light	`Shift`+`Alt`+`J`
Pin Light	`Shift`+`Alt`+`Z`
Hard Mix	`Shift`+`Alt`+`L`
Difference	`Shift`+`Alt`+`E`
Exclusion	`Shift`+`Alt`+`X`
Hue	`Shift`+`Alt`+`U`
Saturation	`Shift`+`Alt`+`T`
Color	`Shift`+`Alt`+`C`
Luminosity	`Shift`+`Alt`+`Y`
Desaturate	Sponge tool+`Shift`+`Alt`
Saturate	Sponge tool+`Shift`+`Alt`
Dodge/burn shadows	Dodge tool/Burn tool+`Shift`+`Alt`
Dodge/burn midtones	Dodge tool/Burn tool+`Shift`+`Alt`
Dodge/burn highlights	Dodge tool/Burn tool+`Shift`+`Alt`
Set blending mode to Threshold for bitmap images, Normal for all other images	`Shift`+`Alt`+`N`

Select and edit text

Move type in image	`Control`-drag type when Type layer is selected
Select 1 character left/right or 1 line down/up, or 1 word left/right	`Shift`+`←→↓↑` `Control`+`←`/`→`
Select characters from insertion point to mouse click point	`Shift`+Click
Move 1 character left/right, 1 line down/up, or 1 word left/right	`←→↓↑` `Control`+`←`/`→`
Create a new text layer, when a text layer is selected in the Layers panel	`Shift`+Click
Select a word, line, paragraph, or story	Double-Click, triple-Click, quadruple-Click, quintuple-Click
Show/Hide selection on selected type	`Control`+`H`
Display the bounding box for transforming text when editing text, or activate Move tool if cursor is inside the bounding box	`Control`
Scale text within a bounding box when resizing the bounding box	`Control`-drag a bounding box handle
Move text box while creating text box	`Spacebar`+drag

Format type

Align left, center, or right	Horizontal Type tool+`Control`+`Shift`
Align top, center, or bottom	Vertical Type tool+`Control`+`Shift`
Choose 100% horizontal scale	`Control`+`Shift`+`X`
Choose 100% vertical scale	`Control`+`Shift`+`Alt`
Choose Auto leading	`Control`+`Shift`+`Alt`
Choose 0 for tracking	`Control`+`Shift`+`Q`
Justify paragraph, left aligns last line	`Control`+`Shift`+`J`
Justify paragraph, justifies all	`Control`+`Shift`+`F`
Toggle paragraph hyphenation on/off	`Control`+`Shift`+`Alt`
Toggle single/every-line composer on/off	`Control`+`Shift`+`Alt`
Decrease or increase type size of selected text 2 points or pixels	`Control`+`Shift`+`<`/`>`
Decrease or increase leading 2 points or pixels	`Alt`+`↓`/`↑`
Decrease or increase baseline SHIFT 2 points or pixels	`Shift`+`Alt`+`↓`/`↑`
Decrease or increase kerning/tracking 20/1000 ems	`Alt`+`←→`

Slice and optimize

Toggle between Slice tool and Slice Selection tool	`Control`
Draw square slice	`Shift`+drag
Draw from center outward	`Alt`+drag
Draw square slice from center outward	`Shift`+`Alt`+drag
Reposition slice while creating slice	`Spacebar`+drag
Open context-sensitive menu	Right-Click slice

Use panels

Set options for new items (except for Actions, Animation, Styles, Brushes, Tool Presets, and Layer Comps panels)	`Alt`+Click New button
Delete without confirmation (except for the Brush panel)	`Alt`+Click `Delete` button
Apply value and keep text box active	`Shift`+`Enter`
Show/Hide all panels	`Tab`
Show/Hide all panels except the toolbox and options bar	`Shift`+`Tab`
Highlight options bar	Select tool and press `Enter`
Increase/decrease selected values by 10	`Shift`+`↑`/`↓`

Use the Actions panel

Turn command on and all others off, or turn all commands on	`Alt`+Click the check mark next to a `⌘`
Turn current modal control on and toggle all other modal controls	`Alt`+Click
Change action or action set options	`Alt`+Double-Click action or action set
Display Options dialog box for recorded command	Double-Click recorded `⌘`
Play entire action	`Control`+Double-Click an action
Collapse/expand all components of an action	`Alt`+Click the triangle
Play a command	`Control`-Click the Play button
Create new action and begin recording without confirmation	`Alt`+Click the New Action button
Select contiguous items of the same kind	`Shift`+Click the action/`⌘`
Select discontiguous items of the same kind	`Control`-Click the action/`⌘`

Use adjustment layers

Choose specific channel for adjustment	`Alt`+`3`(red),`4`(green),`5`(blue)
Choose composite channel for adjustment	`Alt`+`2`
Delete adjustment layer	`Delete`/`Backspace`
Define Auto options for Levels or Curves	`Alt`+Click Auto button

Use the Animation panel in Frames mode

Select/deselect multiple contiguous frames	`Shift`+Click second frame
Select/deselect multiple discontiguous frames	`Control`-Click multiple frames
Paste using previous settings without displaying the dialog box	`Alt`+Paste Frames `⌘` from the Panel pop-up menu

Use the Brush panel

Delete brush	`Alt`+Click brush
Rename brush	Double-Click brush
Change brush size	`Alt`+Right-Click+drag left/right
Decrease/increase brush softness/hardness	`Alt`+Right-Click+drag up/down
Select previous/next brush size	`,`/`.`
Select first/last brush	`Shift`+`,`/`.`
Display precise cross hair for brushes	`CapsLock` or `Shift`+`CapsLock`
Toggle airbrush option	`Shift`+`Alt`+`P`

Use the Channels panel

Select individual channels	`Ctrl`+`3`(red),`4`(green),`5`(blue)
Select composite channel	`Ctrl`+`2`
Load channel as selection	`Control`-Click channel thumbnail `Alt`+`Ctrl`
Add to current selection	`Control`+`Shift`+Click channel thumbnail
Subtract from current selection	`Control`+`Alt`+Click channel thumbnail
Intersect with current selection	`Control`+`Shift`+`Alt`
Set options for Save Selection As Channel button	`Alt`+Click Save Selection As Channel button
Create a new spot channel	`Control`-Click Create New Channel button
Select/deselect multiple color-channel selection	`Shift`+Click color channel
Select/deselect alpha channel and show/hide as a rubylith overlay	`Shift`+Click alpha channel
Display channel options	Double-Click alpha или spot channel thumbnail
Toggle composite and grayscale mask in Quick Mask mode	`~`

Use the Clone Source panel

Show Clone Source (overlays image)	`Alt`+`Shift`
Nudge Clone Source	`Alt`+`Shift`+`↑↓←→`
Rotate Clone Source	`Alt`+`Shift`+`<`/>
Scale (increase or reduce size) Clone Source	`Alt`+`Shift`+`/`

Use the Color panel

Select background color	`Alt`+Click color in color bar
Display Color Bar menu	Right-Click color bar
Cycle through color choices	`Shift`+Click color bar

Use the History panel

Create a new snapshot	`Alt`+New Snapshot
Rename snapshot	Double-Click snapshot name
Step forward through image states	`Control`+`Shift`+`Z`
Step backward through image states	`Control`+`Alt`+`Z`
Duplicate any image state, except the current state	`Alt`+Click the image state
Permanently clear history (no Undo)	`Alt`+`Clear` History (in History panel pop-up menu)

Use the Info panel

Change color readout modes	Click eyedropper icon
Change measurement units	Click crosshair icon

Use the Layers panel

Load layer transparency as a selection	`Control`-Click layer thumbnail
Add to current selection	`Control`+`Shift`+Click layer thumbnail
Subtract from current selection	`Control`+`Alt`+Click layer thumbnail
Intersect with current selection	`Control`+`Shift`+`Alt`
Load filter mask as a selection	`Control`-Click filter mask thumbnail
New layer	`Control`+`Shift`+`N`
Group layers	`Control`+`G`
Ungroup layers	`Control`+`Shift`+`G`
Create/release clipping mask	`Control`+`Alt`+`G`
Select all layers	`Control`+`Alt`+`A`
Merge visible layers	`Control`+`Shift`+`E`
Create new empty layer with dialog box	`Alt`+Click New Layer button
Create new layer below target layer	`Control`-Click New Layer button
Select top layer	`Alt`+`.`
Select bottom layer	`Alt`+`,`
Add to layer selection in Layers panel	`Shift`+`Alt`+`/`
Select next layer down/up	`Alt`+`/`
Move target layer down/up	`Control`+`/`
Merge a copy of all visible layers into target layer	`Control`+`Shift`+`Alt`
Merge layers	Highlight layers you want to merge, then `Control`+`E`
Move layer to bottom or top	`Control`+`Shift`+`/`
Copy current layer to layer below	`Alt`+`Merge` Down `⌘` from the Panel pop-up menu
Merge all visible layers to a new layer above the currently selected layer	`Alt`+`Merge` Visible `⌘` from the Panel pop-up menu
Right-click the eye icon	`Control`-Click the eye icon
Show/hide all other currently visible layers	`Alt`+Click the eye icon
Toggle lock transparency for target layer, or last applied lock	`/`
Edit layer effect/style, options	Double-Click layer effect/style
Hide layer effect/style	`Alt`+Double-Click layer effect/style
Edit layer style	Double-Click layer
Disable/enable vector mask	`Shift`+Click vector mask thumbnail
Open Layer Mask Display Options dialog box	Double-Click layer mask thumbnail
Toggle layer mask on/off	`Shift`+Click layer mask thumbnail
Toggle filter mask on/off	`Shift`+Click filter mask thumbnail
Toggle between layer mask/composite image	`Alt`+Click layer mask thumbnail
Toggle between filter mask/composite image	`Alt`+Click filter mask thumbnail
Toggle rubylith mode for layer mask on/off	`\` or `Shift`+`Alt`-Click
Select all type; temporarily select Type tool	Double-Click type layer thumbnail
Create a clipping mask	`Alt`+Click the line dividing two layers
Rename layer	Double-Click the layer name
Edit filter settings	Double-Click the filter effect
Edit the Filter Blending options	Double-Click the Filter Blending icon
Create new layer group below current layer/layer set	`Control`-Click New Group button
Create new layer group with dialog box	`Alt`+Click New Group button
Create layer mask that hides all/selection	`Alt`+Click Add Layer Mask button
Create vector mask that reveals all/path area	`Control`-Click+Layer Mask button
Create vector mask that hides all or displays path area	`Control`+`Alt`+Click Add Layer Mask button
Display layer group properties	Right-Click layer group+choose Group Properties, or Double-Click group
Select/deselect multiple contiguous layers	`Shift`+Click
Select/deselect multiple discontiguous layers	`Control`-Click

Use the Layer Comps panel

Create new layer comp without the New Layer Comp box	`Alt`+Click Create New Layer Comp button
Open Layer Comp Options dialog box	Double-Click layer comp
Rename in-line	Double-Click layer comp name
Select/deselect multiple contiguous layer comps	`Shift`+Click
Select/deselect multiple discontiguous layer comps	`Control`-Click

Use the Paths panel

Load path as selection	`Control`-Click pathname
Add path to selection	`Control`+`Shift`+Click pathname
Subtract path from selection	`Control`+`Alt`+Click pathname
Retain intersection of path as selection	`Control`+`Shift`+`Alt`
Hide path	`Control`+`Shift`+`H`
Set options for Fill Path with Foreground Color button, Stroke Path with Brush button, Load Path as a Selection button, Make Work Path from Selection button, and Create New Path button	`Alt`+Click button

Use the Swatches panel

Create new swatch from foreground color	Click in empty area of panel
Set swatch color as background color	`Control`-Click swatch
Delete swatch	`Alt`+Click swatch

Use Extract and Pattern Maker (optional plug-ins)

Fit in window	`Control`+`0`
Temporarily activate Hand tool	`Spacebar`
Edge Highlighter tool	`B`
Fill tool	`G`
Eyedropper tool	`I`
Cleanup tool	`C`
Edge Touchup tool	`T`
Toggle between Edge Highlighter tool and Eraser tool	`Alt`+`Edge` Highlighter/Eraser tool
Toggle Smart Highlighting	`Control`+`Edge` Highlighter tool selected
Remove current highlight	`Alt`+`Delete`
Highlight entire image	`Control`+`Delete`
Fill foreground area and preview extraction	`Shift`+Click with Fill tool selected
Move mask when Edge Touchup tool is selected	`Control`-drag
Add opacity when Cleanup tool is selected	`Alt`+drag
Toggle Show menu options in preview between Original and Extracted	`X`
Enable Cleanup and Edge Touchup tools before preview	`Shift`+`X`
Cycle through Display menu in preview from top to bottom	`F`
Cycle through Display menu in preview from bottom to top	`Shift`+`F`
Decrease/increase brush size by 1	`↓`/`↑`(in Brush Size text box)
Decrease/increase brush size by 1	`←`+`Brush` Size Slider showing
Set strength of Cleanup or Edge Touch‑up tool	`0–9`
Delete current selection	`Control`+`D`
Undo a selection move	`Control`+`Z`
Generate or generate again	`Control`+`G`
Intersect with current selection	`Shift`+`Alt`+`select`
Toggle view: original/generated pattern	`X`
Go to first tile in Tile History	`Home`
Go to last tile in Tile History	`End`
Go to previous tile in Tile History	`←`,`PageUp`
Go to next tile in Tile History	`→`,`PageDown`
Delete current tile from Tile History	`Delete`
Nudge selection when viewing the original	`↑↓←→`
Increase selection nudging when viewing the original	`Shift`+`↑↓←→`